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18

We've seen a pretty wild ride this week on the stock market.  Yes, there has been troubling news coming out the sub-prime mortgage market (in my opinion, the bad news is that there IS a sub-prime mortgage market), but the wild extremes of highs and lows has been a little scary.

Why?

Because wild negative swings in value are what cause margin calls, and margin calls are what start runs.  It was margin calls that started the subprime crisis, as lenders starting calling their chits and the mortgage companies became cash-strapped.

So why the wild swings?

Larry Kudlow, writing over at National Review Online, has an answer-- and it is not good.  It seems the SEC, run by former Representative Chris Cox, has ditched the "uptick rule".

Savvy veteran investor Mike Holland keeps asking a question that no one seems to be asking, much less answering: Why in the world did the SEC revoke the “uptick” rule in early July?

Famous short seller and patriarch of the Kennedy clan, Joe Kennedy, created the uptick rule over seventy years ago during his tenure as FDR’s first SEC chairman. While many likened Kennedy’s stint to a fox guarding the hen house, Kennedy certainly knew how to stop the bear raiders from trashing the stock market.

The uptick rule was put into place forbidding traders from shorting stocks on a price downtick. Until last month, if you wanted to short a stock, you needed to wait for an uptick in the share price. This move stymied potential bear raids on stocks. It worked for over seven decades. Many Wall Street veterans also believe it dramatically reduced stock market volatility.

In today’s context, is it purely a coincidence that Chris Cox’s new SEC “no uptick” rule made its debut at the same time that stock market volatility has gone gangbusters? Are hedge fund traders shorting stocks on down ticks? This could be adding huge momentum to downsized price movement. It could also be putting ordinary mom and pops investors on Main Street at great risk to the machinations of Wall Street professionals.

Nobody knows for sure what’s going on here. I’d like to get some comments on this. Meanwhile, I’m still looking for more info on this whole point.

But it seems to me that abolishing the uptick rule was an unbelievably lousy idea by Cox’s SEC. It appears the rule’s revocation may have exaggerated downside pressure on the stock market.

So now we have a situation where we have one organ of the national government making an unquestionably stupid decision -- dropping the uptick rule -- and another organ of the national government (the Federal Reserve)  makes another questionable decision -- dropping the discount rate a half-point -- to "fix" it.

Unfortunately, I think the Fed rate drop will only make it worse, not better.  The bears smell blood in the water, and they will begin shorting again once the euphoria wears off.  Remember that it was pathetically cheap credit that really started this whole sub-prime rush 5 years ago to begin with.  These "no money down" and subprime loans came about because there was an excess of cash available to lenders.

The mortgage market does not face a shortage of inventory (houses to sell) or customers; it faces a crisis of confidence because of the outright larceny that the subprime loan industry has represented due to the massive fraud still plaguing us through "flipping" and "no-doc" loans.  Until the industry cleans up its act and starts adhering to sounder business principles, the industry will be a septic pit for crime and corruption.

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Comments

# Freelander
Saturday, August 18, 2007 8:56 PM
The uptick thing? - I had not heard of that arcane rule before today - and I read a lot of stuff.
I guess I understand the logic, but given the state of the market and the apparent cause of the volatility, isn't there an inevitable outcome that we're stuck with no matter how it manifests itself?
Funny thing about floating the currency - you have the power to smooth out the extremes but at the same time, you have the power to devalue at will - which I think is what our Fed has been doing since its inception.
It will be interesting to see where we are by October...
# Gunpowder Chronicle
Saturday, August 18, 2007 9:23 PM
Well, I think this current volatility is really the product of VERY VERY VERY bad business decisions on the part of lenders. But the government definitely had a hand.

The Fed began their downtick on the prime rate after 9/11, trying to free up liquidity to boost the overall economy after $60 billion in equity disappeared on that horrible day. I think in retrospect, they went too far (as a central bank floating a currency with the wrong mix of commodities in the basket).

Then, combined with the Bush tax cuts (which I totally agree with-- although I don't think they went far enough!), the economy was awash in liquidity. There was no cash crisis, and lenders were able to provide high-risk borrowers with absurd lending terms. No down-payment, ARMs at super low rates-- plus the invention of "no doc" loans.

This fueled an incredibly speculative housing market, as everyone and their grandmother began trading up into houses they could barely afford from houses they afford comfortably. This strained the supply of housing. Local governments, loving the higher property taxes and fees they were collecting, went along, making even more formerly low-zoned land available to continue the money train.

But the inventory was still strained, and housing prices at all levels skyrocketed. Houses in Fells Point that went for $50-75k in 2001 are now worth $200k plus.

But then those ARMs started to kick in, and combined with higher energy prices, we start to see people who could barely afford those houses start to not to be able to afford them at all. All of those high risk loans -- which, by the way, were sold to hedge funds (but with bounceback provisions) -- started to create a liquidity crisis in the funds and at the lenders. In many cases, these loans were downright fraudulent.

When that liquidity crisis hit-- first at Bear Sterns -- the margin calls started, and it trickled all the way down to the subprime lenders. But those lenders are about giving away money, not keeping it.

So, to fight off that looming crisis and prevent Chapter 11s wholesale at lenders like Countrywide, the Fed lowered the discount rate, which essentially makes it MUCH easier to refinance their current debt instruments so that they can continue in business.

Hopefully, that will work, but I don't think so. Especially if state governments -- like Marty O'Malley is doing -- is making money available to foolish homeowners who basically got credit card loans to buy their homes and now can't make payments. Why? Because unless businesses get punished for really bad business decisions, they continue to make them.

The "bears" in the market know this, and know that unless houses become more affordable in general, these folks are only putting off the inevitable. They also know that a lot of these folks -- because they have ZERO equity in their houses -- will never be able to get out of them what they owe. So they will continue shorting the lender stocks.

I think there is going to be a lot of blood on the floor before this is done, and I look for a fall in property tax revenues at the state and local level to follow all of this as well.

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